Mechanisms of obesogens and their impact on adipose tissue, hormones, and inflammation

Taiwo Ogunjobi; Charles Omiyale; Tolulope Gbayisomore; Oluwatoyin Olofin; Patricia Nneji; Damilola Onikeku; Moses Oluwole; Somtochukwu Ezeano; Dayo Soleye; Dasola Fadipe; Samson Fakojo; Tobi Sulaiman; Rufus Ajayi

doi:10.20883/medical.e965

Authors

Taiwo Ogunjobi Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomosho, Oyo State, Nigeria https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8125-7933
Charles Omiyale Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics. Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences. College of Medicine. University of Lagos. Nigeria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4951-3881
Tolulope Gbayisomore University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin city, Edo state https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8210-4054
Oluwatoyin Olofin Department of Biochemistry, school of life science, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2967-2417
Patricia Nneji Faculty of Education, Department of Science (Biology) Education, Niger Delta University https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7007-903X
Damilola Onikeku Department of Health Promotion and Environmental Health Education, University of Ilorin, Ilorin Kwara State https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6590-7234
Moses Oluwole Department of Health Promotion and Environmental Health Education, University of Ilorin, Ilorin Kwara State, Nigeria https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3791-5166
Somtochukwu Ezeano Department of Anatomy, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo State. Nigeria https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1530-6286
Dayo Soleye Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture Science, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nigeria https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6317-784X
Dasola Fadipe Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical sciences, Lautech, Ogbomosho Oyo State, Nigeria https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7889-2590
Samson Fakojo Faculty of clinical sciences, department of Medicine, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbo-mosho, Oyo state, Nigeria https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2980-1412
Tobi Sulaiman Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical sciences, Lautech, Ogbomosho Oyo State, Nige-ria https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7390-9156
Rufus Ajayi University of Illinois Springfield, Illinois, USA https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3386-1317

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20883/medical.e965

Keywords:

endocrine disruptors, obesity, hormone regulation, metabolic dysfunction, environmental factors, chemical exposures

Abstract

The complex interactions of genetic, environmental, and behavioral factors that contribute to obesity, a pervasive global health issue, continue to be a severe concern for people all over the world. This manuscript examines the field of obesogen research, seeking to understand the mechanisms by which certain environmental chemicals contribute to the development of obesity. We explore the obesogenic effects by focusing on pathways such as inflammation, hormone interference, and the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). The text focuses on the significance of PPAR isoforms, especially PPARγ, and how they play a role in adipose tissue growth. We examine how obesogens such as tributyltin (TBT) and bisphenol A (BPA) influence these receptors. Additionally, we examined the impact of obesogens on hormonal regulation, including disruptions to leptin and adiponectin, and investigated the intricate relationship between chronic inflammation and obesity. In the methodology of our study, we utilized a systematic search to identify peer-reviewed articles of relevance. This search spanned various model systems, including in vitro, in vivo, and epidemiological studies, providing insights into the distinct advantages and limitations associated with each. Epigenetic modifications and the influence of obesogens on the development of adipose tissue, metabolism, and appetite control further enrich our understanding of this complex field. Finally, we assess the role of endocrine disruptors in amplifying the risk of obesity, emphasizing the heightened susceptibility during crucial developmental periods. This comprehensive review aims to contribute to the ongoing discourse surrounding obesogens, paving the way for targeted interventions and a more profound comprehension of the global obesity epidemic.

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Author Biographies

Charles Omiyale, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics. Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences. College of Medicine. University of Lagos. Nigeria

Reseacher, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics. Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences. College of Medicine. University of Lagos. Nigeria
Tolulope Gbayisomore, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin city, Edo state

Researcher, Data Intelligence and Scientific Innovation, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin city, Edo state, Nigeria.

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