Pandemic potential of henipaviruses

Authors

  • Aleksandra Wojtkiewicz Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7926-8025
  • Maciej Szota Department of Geriatrics, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6611-675X
  • Kornelia Kędziora–Kornatowska Department of Geriatrics, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4777-5252

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20883/medical.e929

Keywords:

pandemic potential, Hendra virus, Nipah virus, epizootics, public health

Abstract

Introduction and purpose. Hendra and Nipah are two highly dangerous zoonotic viruses belonging to the group of henipaviruses. Although they have been known for over 20 years, no human drug or vaccine has been invented. This paper aims to to describe the epidemiology of the reported paramyxoviruses, the pandemic potential of henipaviruses, and a standardised action plan to counter their spread. This paper reviews scientific articles from 2012-2023 published in scientific databases such as Pubmed, Researchgate, and Google Scholar. The keywords used were pandemic potential of henipaviruses, Hendra virus, Nipah virus, and henipavirus epidemics.

State of knowledge description. The mortality rate of henipaviruses varies between 50 and 100%. The Nipah virus is particularly dangerous, with epidemics recurring virtually every year in Asia since 1998. The Hendra virus situation may be manageable because there is an effective vaccine for horses most vulnerable to infection. Due to human activity, the habitats and climate of the animals serving as virus reservoirs are changing. Because of frequent henipavirus outbreaks in Asia and Australia, extensive efforts are being made to contain and neutralise them rapidly..

Conclusions. As henipaviruses pose a high pandemic threat, more research into drugs and vaccines is required. It is also essential to develop effective bio-assurance plans, introduce controls on their operation and educate the population on the issue. Reservoir animals, through anthropogenic environmental changes, are changing habitats and feeding sites, making more and more territories vulnerable to the disease. New species of henipaviruses constantly emerge and pose an epizootic challenge to public health. Hence, an essential action is to increase the amount of research into the virus's epidemic development and conduct it as widely as possible.

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Published

2023-12-07

Issue

Section

Review Papers

How to Cite

1.
Wojtkiewicz A, Szota M, Kędziora–Kornatowska K. Pandemic potential of henipaviruses. JMS [Internet]. 2023 Dec. 7 [cited 2024 Dec. 5];93(1):e929. Available from: https://jms.ump.edu.pl/index.php/JMS/article/view/929
Received 2023-09-13
Accepted 2023-12-03
Published 2023-12-07