Assessment of chronic pain prevalence and impact on quality of life in the general population and visitors of a pain clinic in Makkah region, Saudi Arabia, 2022–2023

Bayan Hashim Alsharif; Zainab Bu Hamad; Abuullah Ahmed Khafagy; Abulrahman Tawfeeg Abudawood; Rizq Allah Abdullah B Alzahrani; Abduljawad Hassan A Alghamdi

doi:10.20883/medical.e831

Authors

Bayan Hashim Alsharif Preventive Medicine Department, King Abdullah Medical City Makkah, Saudi Arabia
Zainab Bu Hamad Al Qara PHC Alahssa, Saudi Arabia
Abuullah Ahmed Khafagy Department of Community Medicine and Pilgrims Healthcare, College of Medicine, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
Abulrahman Tawfeeg Abudawood King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Rizq Allah Abdullah B Alzahrani Faculty of Medicine, Al Baha University, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia
Abduljawad Hassan A Alghamdi Faculty of Medicine, Al Baha University, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20883/medical.e831

Keywords:

chronic pain, quality of life, Saudi Arabia, online survey, Makkah

Abstract

Introduction. Chronic pain is a frequent, complicated, stressful health condition that significantly affects society and people. Chronic pain also is believed to be one of the most important causes of suffering and infirmity worldwide. It can impact various aspects of the person and cause emotional, social, and functional capabilities. Assessing Health-related quality of life is a significant outcome in studies concerning chronic pain patients. It is a different way to evaluate patients' perceptions of their pain experience and its effect on their lives.

Aim. The aim of this study is to establish the prevalence of chronic pain among the general population in the Makkah region, Saudi Arabia.

Material and methods. An online cross-sectional study design using a structured self-administered questionnaire was distributed electronically in Arabic through social media.

Results. A total of 610 participants completed the survey. Females represented 63.3% of participants, while male participants represented 36.4%. Most participants were Saudi (98.9%), and 72.3% had bachelor's degrees or Diplomas. Single participants were almost equal to married ones (53.1 % and 46.2%, respectively), and most were nonsmokers.

Conclusions. chronic pain from patients' perspectives has physical, psychological, and social functioning and well-being effects.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

de Souza JB, Grossmann E, Perissinotti DMN, de Oliveira Junior JO, da Fonseca PRB, Posso IP. Prevalence of Chronic Pain, Treatments, Perception, and Interference on Life Activities: Brazilian Population-Based Survey. Pain Res Manag. 2017;2017:4643830. doi:10.1155/2017/4643830

Fayaz A, Croft P, Langford RM, Donaldson LJ, Jones GT. Prevalence of chronic pain in the UK: a systematic review and meta-analysis of population studies. BMJ Open. 2016;6(6):e010364. Published 2016 Jun 20. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010364

Tracey I, Bushnell MC. How neuroimaging studies have challenged us to rethink: is chronic pain a disease?. J Pain. 2009;10(11):1113-1120. doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2009.09.001

Boonstra AM, Reneman MF, Stewart RE, Post MW, Schiphorst Preuper HR. Life satisfaction in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain and its predictors. Qual Life Res. 2013;22(1):93-101. doi:10.1007/s11136-012-0132-8

Babadi ME, Nazari F, Safari R, Abdoli S. The effect of reflexology on pain perception aspects in nurses with chronic low back pain in Isfahan. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2016;21(5):487-492. doi:10.4103/1735-9066.193395

Nicholas MK. Depression in people with pain: There is still work to do Commentary on 'Understanding the link between depression and pain'. Scand J Pain. 2011;2(2):45-46. Published 2011 Apr 1. doi:10.1016/j.sjpain.2011.02.003

Meints SM, Edwards RR. Evaluating psychosocial contributions to chronic pain outcomes. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2018;87(Pt B):168-182. doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.01.017

Smith D, Wilkie R, Uthman O, Jordan JL, McBeth J. Chronic pain and mortality: a systematic review. PLoS One. 2014;9(6):e99048. Published 2014 Jun 5. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0099048

Hassett AL, Aquino JK, Ilgen MA. The risk of suicide mortality in chronic pain patients. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2014;18(8):436. doi:10.1007/s11916- 014-0436-1

Langley PC, Van Litsenburg C, Cappelleri JC, Carroll D. The burden associated with neuropathic pain in Western Europe. J Med Econ. 2013;16(1):85-95. doi:10.3111/13696998.2012.729548

Soyuer F, Kepenek-Varol B. Quality of life and pain. Int J Fam Commun Med. 2019;3(3):110-114. DOI: 10.15406/ijfcm.2019.03.00140

Marchand S. The physiology of pain mechanisms: from the periphery to the brain. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2008;34(2):285-309. doi:10.1016/j.rdc.2008.04.003

Jonsdottir T, Aspelund T, Jonsdottir H, Gunnarsdottir S. The relationship between chronic pain pattern, interference with life and health-related quality of life in a nationwide community sample. Pain Manag Nurs. 2014;15(3):641- 651. doi:10.1016/j.pmn.2013.07.005

Angst F, Verra ML, Lehmann S, Aeschlimann A. Responsiveness of five condition-specific and generic outcome assessment instruments for chronic pain. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2008;8:26. Published 2008 Apr 25. doi:10.1186/1471-2288-8-26

Sample size calculator. Raosoft, Inc. makes high quality web survey software. (2004). http://www.raosoft.com/samplesize.html

PROMIS® Scale v1.2–Global Health and RAND 36-Item Health Survey 1.0 questionnaire items (accessed on June 2022) https://www.rand.org/health-care/surveys_tools/mos/36-item-short- form.html

Kheiry F, Rakhshan M, Shaygan M. The prevalence and associated factors of chronic pain in nurses Iran. Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertension. 2019;14(1):21-5.

Hadi MA, McHugh GA, Closs SJ. Impact of Chronic Pain on Patients' Quality of Life: A Comparative Mixed-Methods Study. J Patient Exp. 2019;6(2):133- 141. doi:10.1177/2374373518786013

El-Metwally A, Shaikh Q, Aldiab A, et al. The prevalence of chronic pain and its associated factors among Saudi Al-Kharj population; a cross sectional study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2019;20(1):177. Published 2019 Apr 25. doi:10.1186/s12891-019-2555-7

Kawai K, Kawai AT, Wollan P, Yawn BP. Adverse impacts of chronic pain on health-related quality of life, work productivity, depression and anxiety in a community-based study. Fam Pract. 2017;34(6):656-661. doi:10.1093/fampra/cmx034

Toth C, Lander J, Wiebe S. The prevalence and impact of chronic pain with neuropathic pain symptoms in the general population. Pain Med. 2009;10(5):918-929. doi:10.1111/j.1526-4637.2009.00655.x

Hnatešen D, Pavić R, Radoš I, et al. Quality of Life and Mental Distress in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(17):10657. Published 2022 Aug 26. doi:10.3390/ijerph191710657