Biodegradable and biocompatible synthetic polymers for applications in bone and muscle tissue engineering

Pratik Tawade; Nimisha Tondapurkar; Akash Jangale

doi:10.20883/medical.e712

Authors

Pratik Tawade Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras), India https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8642-8822
Nimisha Tondapurkar Department of Polymer and Surface Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai, Marathwada Campus, Jalna, India https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6884-3918
Akash Jangale Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur (IIT Kanpur), India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2052-3717

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20883/medical.e712

Keywords:

biomaterials, bone tissue scaffold, tissue engineering, muscle tissue scaffold, biodegradable polymers, synthetic polymers

Abstract

In medicine, tissue engineering has made significant advances. Using tissue engineering techniques, transplant treatments result in less donor site morbidity and need fewer surgeries overall. It is now possible to create cell-supporting scaffolds that degrade as new tissue grows on them, replacing them until complete body function is restored. Synthetic polymers have been a significant area of study for biodegradable scaffolds due to their ability to provide customizable biodegradable and mechanical features as well as a low immunogenic effect due to biocompatibility. The food and drug administration has given the biodegradable polymers widespread approval after they showed their reliability. In the context of tissue engineering, this paper aims to deliver an overview of the area of biodegradable and biocompatible synthetic polymers. Frequently used synthetic biodegradable polymers utilized in tissue scaffolding, scaffold specifications, polymer synthesis, degradation factors, as well as fabrication methods are discussed. In order to emphasize the many desired properties and corresponding needs for skeletal muscle and bone, particular examples of synthetic polymer scaffolds are investigated. Increased biocompatibility, functionality and clinical applications will be made possible by further studies into novel polymer and scaffold fabrication approaches.

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