Palaeolithic diet in the treatment of type 2 diabetes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20883/medical.e517Keywords:
Palaeolithic diet, glucose, insulin, glucose metabolism disordersAbstract
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes has steadily increased over the past few decades. In the treatment of this disease, lifestyle modifications and dietary management are essential. There is evidence suggesting a beneficial impact of the Palaeolithic diet on monitoring glucose and insulin homeostasis; however, other studies have not confirmed these results. Therefore, further well-designed trials are necessary to demonstrate the health benefits of Palaeolithic nutrition in subjects with type 2 diabetes.
Downloads
References
World Health Organization. Classification of diabetes mellitus. 2019. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/classification-of-diabetes-mellitus
International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 9th edn. Brussels, Belgium. 2019. https://www.diabetesatlas.org
Pekar H, Mazur R, Kozilewicz M, Jóźwiak A, Olszewska A, Skórzyńska-Dziduszko K. The Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) and increased body weight. JMS [Internet]. 2016 Jun;85(2):89-95. https://doi.org/10.20883/jms.2016.102
American Diabetes Association. Facilitating behavior change and well-being to improve health outcomes: standards of medical care in diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2021 Jan;44(1):S53-72. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc21-S005
de la O V, Zazpe I, Martinez JA, Santiago S, Carlos S, Zulet MA, Ruiz-Canela M. Scoping review of Paleolithic dietary patterns: a definition proposal. Nutr Res Rev. 2020 Jun;1-29. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954422420000153
Masharani U, Sherchan P, Schloetter M, Stratford S, Xiao A, Sebastian A, Nolte Kennedy M, Frassetto L. Metabolic and physiologic effects from consuming a hunter-gatherer (Paleolithic)-type diet in type 2 diabetes. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2015 Aug;69(8):944-8. https://doi.org/10.1038/EJCN.2015.39
de Menezes EVA, Sampaio HAdC, Carioca AAF, Parente NA, Brito FO, Moreira TMM, de Souza ACC, Arruda SPM. Influence of Paleolithic diet on anthropometric markers in chronic diseases: systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr J. 2019 Jul;18(41):1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-019-0457-z
Boers I, Muskiet FA, Berkelaar E, Schut E, Penders R, Hoenderdos K, Wichers H.J, Jong MC. Favourable effects of consuming a Palaeolithic-type diet on characteristics of the metabolic syndrome: A randomized controlled pilot-study. Lipids Health Dis. 2014 Oct;13(160):1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-511X-13-160
Otten J, Stomby A, Waling M, Isaksson A, Tellström, Lundin-Olsson L, Brage S, Ryberg M, Svensson M, Olsson T. Effects of a Paleolithic diet with and without supervised exercise on fat mass, insulin sensitivity, and glycemic control: A randomized controlled trial in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2017 Jan;33(1):1-21. https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.2828
Otten J, Andersson J, Ståhl J, Stomby A, Sales A, Waling M, Ryberg M, Hauksson J, Svensson M, Johansson B, Olsson T. Exercise training adds cardiometabolic benefits of a Paleolithic diet in type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Am Heart Assoc. 2019 Jan;8(2):1-9. https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.118.010634
Lindeberg S, Jönsson T, Granfeldt Y, Borgstrand E, Soffman J, Sjöström K, Ahrén B. A Palaeolithic diet improves glucose tolerance more than a Mediterranean-like diet in individuals with emic heart disease. Diabetologia. 2007 Sep;50(9):1795-1807. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-007-0716-y
Jönsson T, Granfeldt Y, Ahrén B, Branell UC, Pålsson G, Hansson A, Söderström M, Lindeberg S. Beneficial effects of a Paleolithic diet on cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetes: a randomized cross-over pilot study. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2009 Jul;8(35):1-14. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2840-8-35
Frassetto LA, Schloetter M, Mietus-Synder M, Morris Jr RC, Sebastian A. Metabolic and physiologic improvements from consuming a paleolithic, hunter-gatherer type diet. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2009 Aug;63(8):947-55. https://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2009.4
Otten J, Ryberg M, Mellberg C, Andersson T, Chorell E, Lindahl B, Larsson C, Holst JJ, Olsson T. Postprandial levels of GLP-1, GIP and glucagon after 2 years of weight loss with a Paleolithic diet: A randomised controlled trial in healthy obese women. Eur J Endocrinol. 2019 Jun:180(6):419-29. https://doi.org/10.1530/EJE-19-0082
Jamka M, Kulczyński B, Juruć A, Gramza-Michałowska A, Stoskes CS, Walkowiak J. The effect of the Paleolithic diet vs. healthy diets on glucose and insulin homeostasis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Clin Med. 2020 Jan; 9(296):1-21. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9020296
Manheimer EW, van Zuuren EJ, Fedorowicz Z, Pijl H. Paleolithic nutrition for metabolic syndrome: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr. 2015 Oct;102(4): 922-32. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.115.113613
Gutch M, Kumar S, Razi SM, Gupta KK, Gupta A. Assessment of insulin sensitivity/resistance. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2015 Jan-Feb;19(1):160-4. https://doi.org/10.4103/2230-8210.146874
Otten J, Mellberg C, Ryberg M, Sandberg S, Kullberg J, Lindahl B, Larsson C, Hauksson J, Olsson T. Strong and persistent effect on liver fat with a Paleolithic diet during a two-year intervention. Int J Obes (Lond). 2016 May;40(5):747-53. https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2016.4
Stomby A, Simonyte K, Mellberg C, Ryberg M, Stimson RH, Larsson C, Lindahl B, Andrew R, Walker BR, Olsson T. Diet-induced weight loss has chronic tissue-specific effects on glucocorticoid metabolism in overweight postmenopausal women. Int J Obes (Long). 2015 May;39(5):814-9. https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2014.188
Jospe MR, Roy M, Brown RC, Haszard JJ, Meredith-Jones K, Fangupo LJ, Osborne H, Fleming EA, Taylor RW. Intermittent fasting, Paleolithic, or Mediterranean diets in the real world: exploratory secondary analyses of a weight-loss trial that included choice of diet and exercise. Am J Clin Nutr. 2020 Mar;111(3):503-14. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqz330
Clamp LD, Hume DJ, Lambert EV, Kroff J. Enhanced insulin sensitivity in successful, long-term weight loss maintainers compared with matched controls with no weight loss history. Nutr Diabetes. 2017 Jun;7(6):1-8. https://doi.org/10.1038/nutd.2017.31
Ghaedi E, Mohammadi M, Mohammadi H, Ramezani-Jolfaie N, Malekzadeh J, Hosseinzadeh M, Salehi-Abargouei A. Effects of a Paleolithic diet on cardiovascular disease risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Adv Nutr. 2019 Jul;10(4):634-46. https://doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmz007
Mellberg C, Sandberg S, Ryberg M, Ericsson M, Brage S, Larsson C, Olsson T, Lindahl B. Long-term effects of a Palaeolithic-type diet in obese postmenopausal women: a two-year randomized trial. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2014 Mar;68(3):350-7. https://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2013.290
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 The copyright to the submitted manuscript is held by the Author, who grants the Journal of Medical Science (JMS) a nonexclusive licence to use, reproduce, and distribute the work, including for commercial purposes.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.