Minerals in the diet of adolescents aged 15
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20883/jms.307Keywords:
children, food, nutrition, malnutrition, mineralsAbstract
Introduction. Studies which focus on the supply of minerals in the diet of adolescents show that the diet is deficient in such macroelements as calcium and magnesium and such microelements as copper, zinc, iodine and iron. Inadequate supply of minerals may increase the risk of development of diet related diseases at a mature age.
Material and Methods. The questionnaire on the consumption of food products consumed every day for the period of 7 days was filled in by the person conducting the survey. The needs for minerals were defined individually for every child with reference to recommended dietary allowance.
Results. The norm of daily sodium intake among 15-year‑old adolescents was exceeded in all tested groups, however, in the group of boys sodium intake was at a higher level than in the group of girls. Potassium intake in the group of both girls and boys did not reach the recommended daily value, whereas the recommended daily consumption of manganese was exceeded twice. In all tested subjects, the ratio of calcium to phosphorus was very low. In the group of girls who are underweight, daily consumption of iron did not cover 50% of the demand.
Conclusions. Inadequate supply of minerals recorded in all tested 15-year old subjects, regardless of their BMI, may lead to developmental disorders and diet related diseases at a mature age.
Downloads
References
Gil M, Głodek E, Rudy M. Evaluation of the dietary intake of vitamins and minerals In the daily food rations by the students of the Rzeszów University. Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2012;63(4):441–446.
Harton A, Gałązka A, Gajewska D, Bawa S, Myszkowska‑Rycik J. Assessment of the intakes of selected minerals by adolescents. Bromat Chem Toksykol. 2012;3:946–955.
Florkiewicz A, Grzych‑Tuleja E, Cieślik E, Topolska K, Filipiak—Florkiewicz A, Leszczyńska T, Kopeć A. Absorption of minerals compound by the investigated population aged 13–15 depending on gender and place of residence. Public Health Management. 2013;3:260–266.
Grimes CA, Wright JD, Liu K, Nowson CA, Loria CM. Dietary sodium intake is associated with total fluid and sugar‑sweetened beverage consumption in US children and adolescents aged 2–18 y: NHANES 2005–2008. Am J Clin Nutr. 2013;1:89–96.
Fan Y, Zhang C, Bu J. Relationship between Selected Serum Metallic Elements and Obesity in Children and Adolescent in the U.S. Nutrients. 2017;9:1–12.
Wielgos B, Leszczyńska T, Kopeć A, Piątkowska E, Pysz M. Assessment of intake of minerals with daily diets by children aged 10–12 years from Malopolska Region. Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2012;63(3):329–337.
World Health Organization: Obesity. www.who.int/topics/obesity/en/ 05.05.2018
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and U.S. Department of Agriculture. 2015–2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. 8th Edition. December 2015. Available at http://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/2015/guidelines. 05.05.2018.
Szponar L, Wolnicka K, Rychlik E. Album of photographs of food products and dishes. National Food and Nutrition Institute. Poland, Warsaw. 2010.
Jarosz M. The standard of nutrition for the Polish population - amendment. National Food and Nutrition Institute. Poland, Warsaw. 2012.
Zhu H, Pollock NK, Kotak I, Gutin B, Wang X, Bhagatwala J, Parikh S, Harshfield GA, Dong Y. Dietary Sodium, Adiposity, and Inflammation in Healthy Adolescents. Pediatrics. 2014; 133(3):635–642.
Wuenstel JW, Wadolowska L, Slowinska MA, Niedzwiedzka E, Kowalkowska J, Antoniak L. Consumption frequency of fruit juices and sweetened beverages: differences related to age, gender and the prevalence of overweight among Polish adolescents. Pol. J. Food Nutr. Sci. 2015; 65(3):211–221.
Falkner B. Does Potassium Deficiency Contribute to Hypertension in Children and Adolescents? Curr Hypertens Rep. 2017;19(5):37.
Campanozzi A, Avallone S, Barbato A, Iacone R, Russo O, De Filippo G, D'Angelo G, Pensabene L, Malamisura B, Cecere G, Micillo M, Francavilla R, Tetro A, Lombardi G, Tonelli L, Castellucci G, Ferraro L, Di Biase R, Lezo A, Salvatore S, Paoletti S, Siani A, Galeone D, Strazzullo P; MINISAL‑GIRCSI Program Study Group. High sodium and low potassium intake among Italian children: relationship with age, body mass and blood pressure. PLoS One. 2015; 8(10):1–15.
Stefańska E, Falkowska A, Ostrowska L. Assessment of calcium and phosphorus content in daily food rations of children from primary and junior high schools in Bialystok. Probl Hig Epidemiol. 2011;92(3):590–593.
Czeczuk A, Huk‑Wieliczuk E, Dmitruk A, Popławska H. An analysis of selected risk factors of osteoporosis – dietary patterns and physical activity – in pubescent girls from the Lubelskie province. Przegl Epidemiol. 2017;71(1):99–110.
Wang H, Wang D, Ouyang Y, Huang F, Ding G, Zhang B. Do Chinese Children Get Enough Micronutrients? Nutrients. 2017;18(397):1–10.
Allen A, Allen S, Rodrigo R, Perera L, Shao W, Li C, Wang D, Olivieri N, Weatherall DJ, Premawardhena A. Iron status and anaemia in Sri Lankan secondary school children: A cross‑sectional survey. PLoS One. 2017;20,12(11): e0188110
Blaszczyk U, Duda‑Chodak A. Magnesium: its role in nutrition and carcinogenesis. Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2013;64(3):165–171.
Verkaik‑Kloosterman J, Buurma‑Rethans EJM, Dekkers ALM, van Rossum CTM. Decreased, but still sufficient, iodine intake of children and adults in the Netherlands. Br J Nutr. 2017;117(7): 1020–1031.
Charlton K, Probst Y, Kiene G. Dietary Iodine Intake of the Australian Population after Introduction of a Mandatory Iodine Fortification Programme. Nutrients. 2016;4(701):1–16.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2018 Wioletta Waksmańska, Halina Woś, Renata Łukasik, Rafał Bobiński, Anna Pielesz
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
